Paper-making machine



Apr.' 3, 1923.

, 1,450,438 W. S. CRANDELL PAPER MAKING MACHINE Filed Apr". 29, 1921 4 sheets-sheet l Apr. 3, `1923.

Wi S. CRANDELL.

PAPER MAKING MACHINE Flqd Apr. 29, 1921 4 sheets-sheet 2 Apr. 3, 1923 1,450,488

. yW. s. CRANDELL A PAPER MAKING MACHINE Filed Apr. 29, 192] 4 sheets-sheet 3 Ulu M, 'i A zpi-, 3, 1923. 1,450,488

W. s. CRANDELL PAPER MAK ING MACHINE Filed Apr. 29', 1921 4 sheets-sheet 4 Patented Apr. s, 1923,

WILLIS S. CRANDELLLOF ELSMERE, NEW YORK.-

PAPER-MAKING MACHINE.

Application med April 29, 1921,

To, all wlw-m muy concern.:

Beiti known that, I, WILLIS S. CRANDELL,

a Citizen. of the` United States, residingat.

Elsmere,in the county of Albany and State @of New York, have invented certain new and usefuly Improvements in PapervMalring Machines, offwhich the following is a specilication.

'Ilhis invention relates to paper-making machines ofthe type employing a cylinder ofwirev cloth rotating in the vat containing the pulpbearing liquid', for the initial formation of. the, web of. paper.

One ofthe objects of my invention isto enable. a, heavier couch roll than is customarilyused; in' such machines to be employed to take the newly-formed web of paper from the rotating cylinder.

In the type ofmachine here referredA to, L the .couch roll has customarily been mounted f in bearings abovey thefcylinder mould upon` leverarms to press downwardly upon the upper surfaceof the cylinder, the couchroll being generally rotated in this lposition in Contact with the cylinder by the endless apron or band of felt which is designed to transportv the newly-formed webk of paper,`

from thecouchroll to other partsof the machine.

In paper-making. machines of the type4 herein referred to, it hasA been found necessary to make the cylinder mould of as light a construction as possible andvhaving as few moving internal parts as, possible in orderIU that there may notbe too great a commotion of the fibre-bearing liquid in the vat upon the rotation of the cylinder. Because of this light and simple construction of the cylinder, it is impossible to sustain a heavy weight thereagainst, so that the. couch roll pressing upon the upper surface of this cyl-A inder has been, of necessity, made of an eX- tremely light construction, generally being made of a hollow cylinder of light material covered with rubber.

Among the well-l nown functions of the couch roll are to talee the newly-formed and extremely wet web of paper from the cylinder mould and rto transfer. it to the long band of felt which transports` the paper to the pressing rolls and thereafter to the other partsof the machine, and during this operation of taking the newly-formed web from the cylinder mould, to perform an initial pressing operation to press some of the exseriai No. 465,391.

cess water therefrom. Becauselofthewligllt.;

construction. ofY the4 couch rpll heretofore; found necessary, asy already. State@ n hSf 130,11 was,l enabled to perform tio al substantial de, gree onlyl the function of.'transfferringy newly-formed web of lpaper thefcylinf-f der mould toy the,feltfbarndy or, wasnot enabled to performto any),` tial degree the'function'of a pressroll;

One of the objects o fl my "invention, is, therefore, to overcome theVL defect herenoted inmachines of this type and to permitr af heavier couch roll to beusedin contact'witht the dcylinderI mould than hasl heretofore been use Another object of my invention istopro-y, videsuch bearings for-the support and fengagement and operation ofthe couchjroll and the cylinder mould that not only mayfaf heavier couch roll be employed, and forv the accomplishment of the objects heretofore stated.b-ut that a couch roll be emlfl ployed performing the additional functions of the first presser. roll ask customarilyper formed. In machines of the prior"art,ias avl7 ready stated, the, light-weight couchrollsare not relied upon to initially pressexcesswater from they newly-formed web, and the `with the excess water therein as received from the cylinder mould, is immediately transferred by the couch roll torthel`oln`g couch roll to perform thev additional func,-H

tion of a presser roll, my invention furtherv contemplates the location of the co-operating presser roll of, ltheA first presser rolls, in en-v gaging Contact with the combined couch andy presser roll, the two to. perform the customary functions of the first presserv rolls. Such a construction and,v arrangement of parts provides a more compact ma.chilfielthan'v when the presser rolls arelocated at, a dis; tance from the, cylinder mould land`l couch roll and also dispenseswith thelong band of felt required.totransport. the weboff, paper fromthc couch roll tothe presser rolls, features of extreme importance in thel sav-A ing of floor space.

Another object of my invention is to provide a support for thecylinder mould justable to enable just that surfacefeontact between the cylinder mould andv theco'uch weY roll required for most efficient results in driving the cylinder mould and in the removal of the web formed thereon to the couch roll.

These and other objects of my invention will more fully appear from an illustrative embodiment thereof set forth in the following specification and the accompanying drawings', but it is to be understood that my invention is capable of embodiment in many different forms. While, therefore, I shall illustrate my invention by the best embodiment known to me, such embodiment is to be regarded only as typical of many possible embodiments and my invention is not to be confined thereto.

In the drawings like characters of reference denote corresponding parts throughout all the views,of which- Figure 1l is a side elevation of a cylinder paper-making machine embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of that portion of ,f Fig. 1 showing the. pulp vat. the cylinder moiild therein and the couch roll mounted thereabove, but with the couch roll removed;

Fig. '3 is a plan view similar to Fig. 2 andshowing the couch roll with its bearings;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view along the line 3i-f4 of Fig. 2 and showing a detail of the adjustable mounting for the cylinder mould;

Fig. 5 is a similar sectional view along the line 5 5 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the free extremity of one of the lever arms of the cylinder mounting, later to be referred to, and

Fig. 7 is a side elevation similar to Fig. 1 but showing the couch roll in engagement with the presser roll shown in Fig. 1 as distantly located from the couch roll.

In Fig 1 the numeral 1 indicates the pulp n vat, having the dam 2 forming a shallow semi-cylindrical passage about the cylinder mould 3. all of the usual construe tion.

The couch roll 4.- is mounted in bearings 5 `-upon rigid standards 6, one on each side of the vat.

The cylinder mould is mounted in adjustable and spring-pressed bearings so to be spring-impelled against the couch roll,

but the cylinder mould does not sustain the weight of the couch roll, due to the selfsustaining mounting of that roll as heretofore described.

Preferably, the mounting for the cylinder mould, and as shown in the illustrative embodiment, comprises lever arms 7, one at each side of the interior of the vat 1, separaitely journalled for pivotal movement upon an axis 8 tixedly mounted in lugs il extending from an interior end wall of the vat 1, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. Each of these lever arms has a depending portion 10 substantially midway thereof and im` mediately beneath and in line with the bearing` of the couch roll, the lower extremity of such depending portion forming on each side of the interior of the vat a bearing in which the axle 11 of the cylinder mould is journalled at each end.

At its free extremity, the left end as shown in Fig. i. earch of the lever arms 7 is upwardly curved to extend above the vat, its extremity terminating in a straight horizontally-disposed portion, as shown in Fig. 1.

The extremity of each of the lever arms 7 has a circular aperture 12 therethrough. indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1 and shown in plan in Fig. 6, and a shallow groove across the arm forming a recess 13, square in cross-section, as shown in Fig. 6.

A plug having a cylindrical lower portion 14 and a square head 15 is designed to be inserted in the aperture and recess referred to of the arm 7, the longer cylindrical portion 14 of the plug fitting loosely in the circular aperture 12 in the arm, and

a square head of the plug' fitting in they shallow recess 13 in the upper surface of the arm 7, as shown in Fig. 5. In this position it is obvious that the plug cannot be rotated in the arm 7 due to the engagement ofthe square head 15 with the sides of the square recess 13 in the arm, but that when the plug is elevated a sufficient distance to cause the` shoulder between the head 15 and the cylindrical portion 14 to clear the shallow groove 13, the plug can be rotated, the lower cylindrical portion 11i then turning in the aperture 12. and handle 16 is provided for such rotation.

The plug 14 has an aperture, circularin cross-section. large enough for the insertion of a` screw 18 and to permit a free vertical movement of the screw. The screw 1S .is designed for such vertical movement relative to the plug 14C but is prevented from rotation therein by a pin. 19 secured thereto and traversing a vertical groove 20 in the plug. From this construction it is obvious that when. the plug 14- is mounted in its lowest position in an arm so that the square head 15 is seated within the squared recess 18 of the arm, rotation of the `plug and hence of the screw relative to the plug is not possible. although a vertical movement of the screw 1S relative to the plug is possible, but that when the plug is elevated sufficiently to clear the head 15 from the recess 13 in the arm, a rotation of the plug will correspondingly transmit a rotation to the screw. A slight upward lift by the handle 16 and then a rotation of the handle will free the plug and perform the rotative movement referred to.

Each of the arms 7 is provided with a depending porti-on 21 from which extends a horizontal bearing support 22. lin the depending portion 21 is journalled a shaft 23, extending entirely across the. space between the two arms and journalled in both arms, as shown in lig. 2. In the horizontally extending bearing portion 22 ofthe arm 7 referred to, is an aperture 24 through which the screw 18 loosely extends, and about this aperture is a bearing 25 upon which is mounted a worm-wheel 26, the wormwheel having an axial screwthreaded aperture, the threads of which engage the threads upon the screw 18. Upon the shaft 23 are two worms 27 adjacent the two worm-wheels 26 upon the two arms 7, and engaging these worin-wheels. Rotativo movement is imparted to the shaft 23 by a handwheel 23a.

lt is obvious from the construction heretofore described, that when the shaft 23 is rotated by the hand-wheel 28, the worms 27 thereon. rotate the worm-wheels 26, and these kvw o`rmv\`1heels being 4themselves prevented from vertical movement and being in screw-threaded 'engagement with the screw 18, impart a vertical movement to the screws 1,8, when-those screws are held from rotation by the head 15 ot the plug being seated in the squared recess 13.

'Mounted upon the pulp vat at each of the corners immediately in llne beneath the :tree end 'ot each of the arms 7 is -a supporting block y28 bearing an open-ended cylindrical casing 29 within which telescopes a correspondingly cylindrical casing 30 with closed upper and open lower ends, and between which, and attached at its extremity to the two oppositely-disposed and telescoping c-asings is a spring 31,'the upper casing obviously being :tree to move relative to the stationary 'casing 29 and impelled upwardly bythe pressure of the spring 31.

y The closed upper end or cap of the movable casing 30 has a centrally-disposed recess, designed to center the lower end of the screw 18 by engagement therein.

From the construction and arrangement o-l parts thus described, it is obvious that the lever arms 7 are pivotally supported at their right-hand extremities, as vie-wed in Fig. 1, and are supported at their left-hand extremities upon the spring-sustained casing 30 through the screw 18, and the various parts co-operating therewith already referred to. ,It `is also obvious that by this manner of support, the lever arms 7 are impelled by the spring 31 upwardly against the couch roll 4, so that the cylinder mould, supported in the depending portion of the lever arms, is spring-impelled against the couch rollfl1 and bears thereagainst only be.- cause of the pressure of the spring, and does not sustain any oi lthe weight ot the couch Aroll 4 or any pressure transmitted therethrough.

1t is also obvious that the spring tension impelling the cylinder mould 3 against the couch roll 4C is capable of adjustment. An important feature ot' this adjustment is that a simultaneous adjustment ot the spring tension impelling both arms 7 upwardly may be made, or an independent adjustment of such arms. By rotation of the shaft 23 by the hand-wheel 28, the simultaneous adjustment is accomplishedl through the medium of the worms 27 engaging the worm-wheels 26, whereby the screw 18 is either elevated or lowered, depending upon the direction of rotation imparted to the shaft 23. It the screw 18 is moved vertically upwardly relative to the extremity of an arm 7 and a plug 14 therein, the tension on the spring 31 is lessened, and if the screw 18 is lowered relative to the arm 7 and the plug 14 therein, the tension on the spring 31 1s increased. lf an independent adjustment ot the spring tension upon one lever arm is desired independently of the other, the plug 14 in that arm is elevated by the handle 16 until the squared head is freed from the shallow squared recess 13 in the arm, and then the plug is rota-ted by the handle, thus imparting rotation to the screw 18. As the wormwheel 26, when not rotated b-y the worm 27 and shaft 23, is incapable of either vertical `or rotative movement, the rotationof the screwv18 imparted by-rotation of the plug 14, necessarily lowers or elevates-the screw 18, thus accomplishing an adjustment of the tension of the spring 31, entirely independent ot the adjustment through rotation of the worm-wheel 26.

This independent adjustment is of ex* extreme importance in maintaining the de,- sired pressure of the cylinder mould against the couch roll across the entire face of the cylinder mould.

lt has heretofore been custo-mary, and particularly where a light couch roll has been employed, to drive the couch roll by the endless felt band, and to independently drive the cylinder mould. Such drives may be employed in my present invention, but l preferably drive the couch roll independently of the felt band thereabout, a driving gear 32 being illustrated in Fig. 3 as secured upon the axle of the couch roll 1, which gear, it will be apparent, may be driven by the usual train of gears-and 4other driving mechanism employed in such machines, or, it desired, a pulley may besecured -to the axle of the couch roll A1, and .thesame-be drivenby the usual belt `trom the prime mover or any other rotating part. The cylinder mould, in the illustrative embodiment of my invention, I preferably drive by its spring-pressed engagement with the couch roll.

In the operation of my invention as Vthus described, and as illustrated in Fig. 1', rthe usual endless band 0f felt 33 is employedtravelling in the direction the arrow and passing between thevcouch roll and the cylinder mould and from thence between the presser rolls indicated generally by the numeral 34, these presser rolls being of the usual type, located lat a distance from the couch roll as shown. The initial web of paper formed by the cylinder mould is taken up by the couch roll and transferred to the felt carrier, and, because of the substantial construction of the couch roll and the pressure of the cylinder mould thereagainst, the` couch roll functions to initially press some portion of the excess water from the newlyformed web of paper.

Because of the substantial and heavy construction of the couch roll, possible because of the fixed support or bearing of the couchv roll and because the couch roll does not exert a pressure due to its weight upon the cylinder mould, if desired this couch roll may be emijiloyed to perform the additional function of a presser roll, and in Fig. 7 I have shown one of the presser rolls 34, located in direct engagement with the couch roll ll, the couch roll l and the presser roll 34- thus performing the function of the pair of presser rolls 34 shown in Fig. 1 as distantly located from the couch roll. By such an arrangement of parts as is shown in Fig. 7, the newly-formed web of paper is taken from the cylinder mould by the couch roll 4 in precisely the saine manner as in the construction shown in Fig. 1, a certain portion of the excess water pressed therefrom by the engagement of the cylinder mould with the couch roll, and this newly-formed web of paper, instead 0f being transferred to a long felt band to be transported to distant presser rolls, is immediately passed between the upper surface of the couch roll et and the under surface of the presser roll and the excess water pressed therefrom in the same manner as is done by the distantly located presser rolls 34- in Fig. 1, and from between the presser roll 3e and the couch roll 4, now combining the functions of a couch and a presser roll, the web of paper is transferred in the usual manner to other parts of the machine such as the drying rolls and the calendering` rolls, liy the arrangement shown in Fig. 7, l, am, therefore` enabled to dispense with the longfelt band, and to compact the machine, thus saving floor space, by combining in the couch roll the additional function of presser roll and associating the co-acting presser roll immediately thereabove.

lNith the location of the presser roll as shown in Fig. 7, it is desirable that some means be provided to dispose of the excess water which is carried up over the combination couch and press roll, the roll 4 in Tfig. 7, and in practical use, well-known 'types of press rolls may be employed having a suction device for drawing the water through the cylindrical surface of the press roll. lt will also be understood that where a press roll is employed in direct engagen'ient with the couch roll, as shown in Fic. 7. and where the couch roll has a. met-allie surface, the co-acting press roll may be jaclreted or otherwise constructed to present a non-metallic surface, both to Iavoid difficulties in the wear of the two surfaces and to permit the transfer of the pressed web of paper from the couch roll.

lt is to be understood that in all the arrangements of the parts, both as illustrated in Fig. l and as illustrated in Fig. 7, the spi-iiig-mounted and adjustable bearing for the cylinder mould is used, and the spring adjustment referred to may be such that the cylinder mould is pressed against the couch roll only to a suiiicient extent to receive motion from the couch roll, and, therefore, as already stated, the weight of the couch roll is entirely immaterial.

l claim:

l. In a cylinder paper machine, the combination of a cylinder mould and a couch roll, bearings for said cylinder mould and couch roll adapted to permit rotative movement of said parts in surface engagement one with another, adjusting means associated with the bearings of one of said parts providing an adjustment of said part bodily toward or away from the other said part, and like associated but independently operable adjusting` means providing` a like adjustment of end portions of said part.

2. ln a cylinder paper machine the combination of a rotatable cylinder mould and a rotatable couch roll, a plurality of springs adapted to exert pressures at separated points measured along the axis of one of said rotatable parts and tending to urge said rotatable part into engagement with the other said rotating part and means for simultaneously adjusting the tension of said springs.,

3. ln a cylinder paper machine, the combination of a. rotatable cylinder mould and a rotatable couch roll, a plurality of springs adapted to exert pressures at separated points lmeasured along the axis of one of said rotatable parts and tending to ur e said rotatable part into engagement with tie other said rotatable part, adjusting means for simultaneously varying the tension of said springs and adjusting means to independently vary the tension of said springs.

4i. In a cylinder paper machine, the combination of a. cylinder mould and a couch roll, a plurality of springs adapted to exert pressures at separated points measured along the axis of said cylinder mould tending to urge said cylinder mould into engagement with said couch roll and means for simultaneously adjusting the tension of said springs.

In a cylinder paper machine, the combination of a cylindermould and a couch roll, tivo springs adapted to exert pressures at separated points measured along the axis of said cylinder mould tending to urge said cylinder mould into engagement with said couch roll, and means for simultaneously or independently adjusting the tension of said springs.

6. In a cylinder paper machine. the com-- bination of a cylinder mould and a couch roll, an immovable bearing Ventirely supporting said couch` roll, a movable bearing `tor said cylinder mould, tWo springs adapted to exert pressures upon said movable bearing at separated points measured along the axis of said cylinder mould tending to urge said cylinder mould in to engagement With said couch roll, and means for simultaneously or independently adjusting the tension or said springs.

7. In a cylinder paperV machine, the combination of a cylinder mould and a couch roll mounted upon axes in the same plane for rotative movementv in surface engagement one With the other along a line'in said plane, spring means exerting pressures at a plurality of points along the axis yof `one of said rotative parts urging said rotative part into said surface engagement with the other said rotative part, adjusting means associated with said spring means to adjust the tension of said spring means to vary the pressures equally along said axis and like associated but independently operated adjusting'means to'vary the tension of said spring means to unequally vary the pressures along said axis.

8. In a c vlinder paper machine, the combination of a cylinder mould and a couch roll mounted upon axes for rotation in surface engagement one With the other, immovable bearings entirely supporting said couch roll, a oating bearing for each of the opposite ends of said cylinder mould, a spring supporting each bearing, adjusting means for simultaneously varying the tension of said springs in like degree and adjusting means for independently varying the tension of said springs.

9. In a cylinder paper machine, the combination of al cylinder mould and a couch roll mounted upon axes for rotation in surface engagement one With the other, immovable bearings entirely supporting said couch roll, separate lever arms and bearings adapted to journal said cylinder mould at each of its opposite ends, a spring engaging each of said lever arms and tending to move said cylinder mould toward said couch roll, adjusting means to 'simultaneously vary the tension of said springs including a rod mounted in said lever arms for movement to operate said adjusting means and means for manually moving said rod.`

l0. In a paper machine, an adjustable mounting for a rotating cylinder comprising tivo spaced pivoted lever arms, bearings 'therein for the opposite ends of the cylinder, a movable supporting member for each of said lever arms, a spring for each of said supporting members adapted to sustain said members and tending to move said members upwardly, rigid adjusting members, one mounted upon each of said lever arms, and extending to and bearing upon said supporting members to support said leverl arms from said supporting members,y and means formoving said adjusting members relative to said lever arms to vary the distance betiveen said lever arms and said supporting members measured along 'said adjusting members.

ll. In a paper machine, an adjustable mounting for a rotating cylinder compris-` ing tyvo spaced pivoted lever arms, bearings therein Jfor the opposite ends of the cylinder, a movable supporting memberv beneath each of said lever arms, a. spring for each of said supporting members adapted to sustain lsaid members and tending to move them upwardly, rigid adjusting members, one mounted upon each of said lever arms and extending to and bearing upon said supporting members, and means for moving said adjust-ing members relative to said lever arms to vary the distance between said lever arms 'and said supporting members measured along said. adjusting member.

12.' In a paper machine, an adjustable mounting for a rotating cylinderk comprising tyvo spaced pivoted lever arms.l bearings therein for the opposite ends of the cylinder, a movable supporting member beneath each of said lever arms, a spring for each of said supporting. members adapted .to sustain said members and tending to move them up- Wardly, rigid adjusting members, one mounted upon each of said lever arms and extending to and bearing upon said supporting members, manually operable means for simultaneously moving said adjusting members relative to said lever arms to .equally vary the distances between said lever arms and said supporting members measured along said adjusting members, and manually operable means to independently move said vadjusting members to unequally vary said distances.

13. In `a paper machine, an adjustable mounting for a rotating cylinder comprising two spaced lever arms pivoted at one end, bearings thereon at an intermediate point to journal the opposite ends of the cylinder, a movable supporting member be; neath each of the free ends of said lever arms, a spring for each of said supporting members adapted to sustain said members and tending to move. them upwardly, adjusting screws, one for' each of said lever arms, mounted on said levei' arms and eX- ytending downwardly to supported Contact upon said supporting members, worm wheels, one mounted on each of said lever arms in screw-threaded engagement with said screws, a sha-rpt extending across and journaled for rotation in said lever arms. worms on said shaft engaging said worm wheels to rotate thesame, means manually operable for rotating said shaft and means for restraining rotation of said screws when said worm wheels are rotated, whereby said screws are moved in the direction of their length and relativelyy to said lever arms, when said worm wheels are rotated.

lll. ln a paper machine, an adjustable mounting for a rotating cylinder comprising two spaced lever arms pivoted at one end, bearings thereon at an intermediate point to journal thel opposite ends of the cylinder, a movable supporting member beneath each of the free ends of said lever arms, a spring vtor each of said supporting members adapted to sustain said members and tending to move them upwardly, adpisting screws, one

for each of said lever arms, mounted oii said lever arms and extending downwardly to supported contact upon said supporting members,` worm wheels, one mounted on each of said lever arms in screw-threaded engagement with said screw, a shaft extending across and journaled for rotation in said lever arms, worms on said shaft engaging said worm wheels to rotate the same, means manually operable for rotating said shaft, means for locking said screws against rotation but permitting linear move-ment when said worm ywheels are rotated, and independently manually operable means for releasing each of said locking means and for rotating each of said screws when said worm wheels are not in rotation, enabling a linear adjusting movement of either of said screws independently of the other.

l5. In a cylinder paper machine, the combination of a cylinder mould, a couch roll, an

immovable bearing entirely supporting said couch roll, means entirely supporting said cylinder mould and pressing the same toward said couch roll, a felt apron passing around said couch roll, and a press roll cooperating with said couch roll.

16. In a cylinder paper machine, the combination oi a cylinder mould, a roll adapted to perform the functions of a couch roll, an

i oted in said vat and having their outer ends extending above the same, said levers embodying depending portions carrying bearings for said cylinder mould, supports for 'the outei ends of said levers, and adjusting means vfor shifting the position of the outer ends ot said levers with regard to their supports.

ln testimony that I claim the foregoing, I have hereunto set my hand this 20th day of April, 1921.

WILLIS S. CRANDELL. 

